Embracing Armenian Roots: The Power and Beauty of Traditional Dance

Armenia has a fascinating folkloric culture, with a wide range of unique traditions that make up the country’s cultural identity. Traditional dancing has been a part of Armenian culture for centuries, and several of these traditions have persevered to the present day. Let’s take a deep dive into the most iconic dance traditions of Armenia. 

Kochari - Armenia’s Most Famous Traditional Dance 

Kochari isn't merely a dance; it's a social tradition that reverberates throughout the corners of Armenia during all forms of festivities, be it holiday parties, joyous celebrations, family gatherings, or any other social event.  

This dance is a common thread that binds the community together, fostering unity and camaraderie while acting as a reminder of shared historical and cultural roots. This practice keeps cultural memory alive and instills a sense of mutual respect among individuals of all age groups. 

The legacy of the Kochari has weathered time and change, its steps passed down from generation to generation without interruption. Formal education has done its part, as well; courses in folk song and dance have been offered in comprehensive schools since 2004. It has graced the stage at youth art centers and its charm has seeped into the digital world, thanks to various initiatives and media coverage. 

Of course, the grassroots have their say too. Folk dance groups have been popularizing the dance since the 1960s, and NGOs frequently organize dance workshops. But the magic of the Kochari often sparkles brightest in the homiest settings, such as family gatherings and impromptu dance circles. 

Yarkhushta - Armenia’s Most Iconic Clap Dance 

Yarkhushta is part of a larger category of traditional Armenian clap dances. This vibrant routine captivates audiences with men squaring off in pairs, each leap forward culminating in a resounding clap between the pairs—a testament to their vigor and unity. 

Its roots run deep, tracing back to the early Middle Ages. It was mentioned in the writings of historical figures like Movses Khorenatsi, Faustus of Byzantium, and Grigor Magistros. An ancient dance, Yarkhushta served a dual purpose for Armenian soldiers preparing to face the enemy: it was a ritual to ward off the specter of fear and an adrenaline boost to get them charged up for ensuing close-quarter battles. 

To lend intensity to the dance, hornpipes and bass drums are played at deafening volumes, the clash of high-frequency tones with low-frequency beats producing an overwhelming soundscape. This sonic blend is said to trigger a euphoric trance-like state in dancers, amplifying the adrenaline rush inherent in performing the Yarkhushta. 

Today, Yarkhushta remains a staple in areas populated by Armenian refugees from Sassoun, following the Armenian genocide. Towns like Talin, Aparan, and Ashtarak reverberate with the power and pride of this traditional dance. 

Yarkhushta saw a surge of popularity in the late 1930s, courtesy of Srbuhi Lisitsian of the Yerevan Dance College. The 1950s brought further refinement to its choreography, thanks to folk culture aficionado Vahram Aristakesian and a folk-dance troupe hailing from Ashnak, a village in Armenia. The 1980s witnessed another revival with the folk group Maratuk and the folk ensemble Karin taking center stage. There are ongoing efforts to instill Yarkhushta in the dances and songs curriculum of the Armenian Army, highlighting its enduring appeal. 

Berd - An Armenian Dance with Ancient Origins 

Berd is an Armenian tradition steeped in unity and shared heritage. A band of men, led by a designated dancer, forms a circle and moves rhythmically in a clockwise direction. A series of hops, jumps, and graceful spins, all culminating in the unifying Kochari move, where arms interlock and bodies move as one, encapsulate the spirit of Armenian brotherhood. 

The dance has its roots in ancient celebrations, where triumphant Armenian warriors would express their joy through these circular formations. As centuries passed, the Berd dance found its place at the heart of Armenian culture, standing as a vibrant testament to unity during celebrations, weddings, and religious ceremonies. 

The dancers, resplendent in their traditional Taraz costumes, add a splash of color. These silk or velvet robes, alive with intricate embroidery and bright shades of red, green, and blue, are usually paired with the fur Papakha hat, a stylish and practical nod to chillier weather. 

The dance moves to the rhythm of Berdakan, a lively melody that perfectly encapsulates the energy of the Berd dance. Played on the duduk, zurna, and dhol, traditional Armenian instruments, the upbeat tune sets a fast-paced, vivacious backdrop for this captivating dance. 

Uzundara - A Traditional Armenian Bride’s Dance 

The Uzundara, fondly known as the Bride’s Dance, is a captivating dance form originating from Artsakh in Eastern Armenia. Translated, Uzundara means “long valley,” but it's commonly performed by brides at wedding festivities, leading to its alternative name. 

Either a solo performer or a group of dancers can grace the stage for this dance. The hallmark of Uzundara lies in the dancers' hand movements—fluid and zigzagging, much like a snake's slithering motion. The backstory for this dance is rooted in Armenian pagan mythology, which revered a four-headed serpent, with its sole non-poisonous head representing Armenia. The dance is a tribute to this mythological snake.